PASTE survey for the backyard (2019)

Posted on ma 22 april 2019 in surveys

This survey is part of designing the backyard.

The extra information for each plant is derived from the following sources:

Plants

DAFOR(N)

Dominant

Prunus domestica subsp. syriaca (mirabelle plum / mirabel)
- only one, takes up most of the space in the backyard
- due to microclimate blooms March / April (normally April / May)
- cultivar Mirabelle de Nancy
- great for making jam

Abundant

Chelidonium majus (greater celandine / stinkende gouwe)
- toxic in moderate doses
- use latex to treat warts
- attracts pollenators
Digitalis purpurea (foxglove / vingerhoedskruid)
- toxic
- used in medicine to treat heart problems
Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry / bosaardbei)
Geranium robertianum (Herb-Robert / robertskruid)
- used as a remedy for toothache and nosebleeds
- used for or useful in healing wounds
Taraxacum officinale (dandilion / paardenbloem)
- edible
- young leaves are less bitter
- make syrup from flowers
- tap root
- blooms from April

Frequent

Hedera helix (common ivy / klimop)
- used for soaps
Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke / aardpeer)
- used like mashed potatoes or in soup
Tradescantia virginiana (Virginia spiderwort / eendagsbloem)

Occasional

Allium sativum (garlic / knoflook)
Cardamine hirsuta (hairy bittercress / kleine veldkers)
Claytonia perfoliata (Indian lettuce / winterpostelein)
- resistant to frost
- important source of vitamin C and minerals like calcium, magnesium and iron
- whole plant is edible
Crocosmia 'Lucifer' (Crocosmia / Montbretia)
- yellow juice from the flower can be used as a substitute for saffron
Hosta (hosta / hosta)
- edible for humans, stem and leaves, raw and cooked
- toxic to cats, dogs and horses
Humulus lupulus (common hop / hop)
Hydrangea macrophylla (bigleaf hydrangea / gewone hortensia)
- attracts pollenators
Lamium purpureum (red dead-nettle / paarse dovenetel)
- ripe flowers contain nectar
- flowers are edible
- leafs can be used in salad, soups or briefly boiled like spinach
- make tea from dried leafs
Lonicera caprifolium (Italian woodbine / gewone kamperfoelie)
Melissa officinalis (Lemon balm / citroenmelisse)
- scent attracts bees
- make tea from leaves
- use as flavouring for dishes
- source of essential oil
Mentha suaveolens (Apple mint / witte munt)
- blooms July - October
- make tea from leaves
- source of essential oil
Pastinaca sativa (parsnip / pastinaak)
- main supplier of calories before potatoes were introduced
- cook or fry
Phytolacca esculenta (Indian Pokeweed / Oosterse karmozijnbes)
- young shoots can be eaten
- seeds, root and unripe berries are poisonous
- berries can be used as colorant
Solanum tuberosum (potato / aardappel)
Viola odorata (wood violet / Maarts viooltje)
- used in fragrances, perfumes and syrups
- leafs are edible
- used to treat respiratory ailments, insomnia and skin disorders

Rare

Acer palmatum (Japanese maple / Japanse esdoorn)
Allium ursinum (wild garlic / daslook)
Berberis thunbergii (Japanese barberry / Japanse berberis)
- important food source for small birds
Bryophyta (moss / mos)
Buddleja davidii (summer lilac / vlinderstruik)
- food for butterflies
- blooms only on non-wooded parts
- blooms July / September
Campanula poscharskyana (Serbian bellflower / kruipklokje)
- blooms lavender-blue from mid-spring to early autumn
- leaves are edible year round
Chlorophyta (green algae / groenwier)
Cirsium vulgare (spear thistle / speerdistel)
- The stems can be peeled and then steamed or boiled. The tap roots can be eaten raw or cooked, but are only palatable on young thistles that have not yet flowered.
Crocus vernus subsp. vernus (spring crocus / bonte krokus)
Elaeagnus umbellata (silverberry / zilverbes)
- nitrogen fixer
- edible berries
- propagated from a cutting
Erigeron canadensis (horseweed / Canadese fijnstraal)
- used to treat boils, snake poison and menstrual pain
Euphorbia platyphyllos (Broad-leaf Spurge / Brede wolfsmelk)
Forsythia × intermedia (border forsythia / Chinees klokje)
Hesperis matronalis (dame's rocket / damastbloem)
- biennials or short-lived perennials
- self seeds quickly, forming dense stands
Muscari botryoides (grape hyacinth / blauwe druifjes)
Myosotis sylvatica (woodland forget-me-not / bosvergeet-me-nietje)
- short-lived herbaceous perennial or biennial growing to 12–30 cm tall by 15 cm wide
Ocimum basilicum (basil / basilicum)
Oxalis articulata Savigny (pink-sorrel / oxalis)
- native to South America, naturalized in Europe
- the leaves contain oxalic acid, which gives them their sharp flavour
- edible in small quantities, the leaves should not be eaten in large amounts
Pieris japonica (Japanese pieris / rotsheide)
- bumblebee favourite
- poisonous
- blooms February / March
- died in 2018 drought (backyard)
Prunus laurocerasus (cherry laurel / laurierkers)
- leaves contain hydrogen cyanide (blauwzuur)
- berries are food for birds
Rhododendron ? ( / Rhododendron)
Ribes nigrum (blackcurrant / zwarte bes)
Ribes rubrum (redcurrant / rode bes)
Ribes sanguineum Pursh (red-flowering currant / rode ribes)
- edible berry, insipid taste
- bumblebee favourite
- blooms March - April
Ribes uva-crispa (gooseberry / kruisbes)
Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary / rozemarijn)
- blooms April - June
Rubus idaeus (raspberry / framboos)
Rubus phoenicolasius (Japanese wineberry / Japanse wijnbes)
Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle / gewone melkdistel)
- young leaves are edible
Skimmia japonica var. japonica (skimmia / skimmia)
Stellaria media (chickweed / vogelmuur)
Trifolium repens (white clover / witte klaver)
- fixes nitrogen
Tulipa tarda (tulip / tulp)
- leaves can be used as soap
Viburnum tinus (laurustinus / sneeuwbol)
- fruits have been used as purgatives against constipation
- flowers in winter

Non-existant

tropical plants

Other

Experiment

Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard / look-zonder-look)
- biennial plant
- chopped leaves used flavoring in salads and sauces such as pesto
- flowers and fruit can be included as well
- leaves are best when young, and provide a mild flavor of both garlic and mustard
- the seeds are sometimes used to season food directly
- used as a disinfectant or diuretic and sometimes to heal wounds
Nepeta cataria (catnip / wild kattenkruid)

Removed / died / disappeared

Bergenia cordifolia 'Purpurea' (elephant-eared saxifrage / schoenlappersplant)
Carduus (thistle / distel)
Thuja occidentalis (northern white-cedar / westerse levensboom)
Thymus citriodorus (lemon thyme / citroentijm)
Urtica dioica (common nettle / grote brandnetel)

Annual plants tried

Allium cepa var. cepa (spring onion / lenteui)
Allium schoenoprasum (chives / bieslook)
Cucumis sativus (cucumber / komkommer)
Cucurbita maxima var. hubbaridianna (pumpkin / hokkaido-pompoen)
Cucurbita pepo (eggplant / courgette)
Foeniculum vulgare (fennel / venkel)
Helianthus annuus (common sunflower / zonnebloem)
Petroselinum crispum (parsley / peterselie)
Pisum sativum (pea / erwt)
Raphanus sativus subsp. sativus (radish / radijs)
Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (cherry tomato / kerstomaat)
Tropaeolum majus (Indian cress / oostindische kers)

Also in the neighborhood

Aegopodium podagraria (ground elder / zevenblad)
- appears as early as February
- flowers in May to June
- tender leaves used as a spring leaf vegetable, much as spinach
- dried leaves taste like parsely
- after flowering leaves take on a pungent taste and have a laxative effect
- flowering can be stopped by pinching out the flowers
- medicinal herb to treat gout and arthritis, applied in hot wraps externally upon boiling both leaves and roots together
- ingested, the leaves have a diuretic effect and act as a mild sedative
Aesculus hippocastanum (horse-chestnut / paardenkastanje)
Bellis perennis (common daisy / madeliefje)
Betula pendula (silver birch / ruwe berk)
Castanea sativa (sweet chestnut / tamme kastanje)
Chaenomeles japonica (Maule's quince / Japanse sierkwee)
- we made jam from this fruit
Cornus mas (Cornelian cherry / gele kornoelje)
- we made jam from this fruit
Corylus avellana (common hazel / hazelaar)
Crataegus laevigata (midland hawthorn / tweestijlige meidoorn) - near canal
Crataegus monogyna (common hawthorn / eenstijlige meidoorn) - hedges
Fallopia baldschuanica (Russian-vine / Chinese bruidssluier)
Hypericum perforatum (/ sint-janskruid?)
Jacobaea vulgaris (common ragwort / Jakobskruiskruid)
Malus domestica (apple / appel)
Prunus cerasifera Nigra (Purple-leaf plum / mirabel) - neighbor's garden
Quercus rubra (northern red oak / Amerikaanse eik) - side of the street
Rubus allegheniensis (common blackberry / braam)
Sambucus nigra (elderberry / gewone vlier)
Taxus cuspidata (Japanese yew / taxus)

Animals

insects
- Apis millifera carnica (Carniolan honey bee / Carnica honingbij)
- Cydalima perspectalis (box tree moth / buxusmot)
- Grapholita funebrana (plum fruit moth / pruimenmot)
  - overwinters in Prunus fruits like plums
  - two generations per year
  - moths fly from end of April to well in September
- solitary bees
  - Andrena fulva (tawny mining bee / vosje)
- bumble bees
  - Bombus terrestris (buff-tailed bumblebee / aardhommel)
  - Bombus lapidarius (red-tailed bumblebee / steenhommel)
- hoverflies / zweefvliegen
  - Syrphus vitripennis (hoverfly / kleine bandzweefvlieg)
- Lasius niger (black garden ant / wegmier) ???
- Calliphoridae (blow flies / bromvliegen)
  - Lucilia caesar (common greenbottle / groene keizersvlieg) ???
- Culicidae (mosquito / steekmug)
- Aphidoidea (aphid / bladluis)
- beetles / kevers
  - Leptinotarsa decemlineata (/ coloradokever)
  - Pyrrhocoris apterus (firebug / vuurwants)
  - Coccinellidae (lady bug / lieveheersbeestje)
    - Coccinella undecimpunctata (/ elfstippelig lieveheersbeestje)
worms / wormen
- Lumbricus terrestris (common earthworm / gewone regenworm)
snails / slakken
- Arion rufus (red slug / gewone wegslak)
- Helix pomatia (Roman snail / wijngaardslak)
geleedpotigen
- Porcellio scaber (common rough woodlouse / gewone pissebed)
- spiders
birds / vogels
- Accipiter nisus (sparrowhawk / sperwer)
- Columba palumbus (wood pigeon / houtduif)
- Corvus monedula (Western jackdaw / kauw)
- Cyanistes caeruleus (Eurasian blue tit / pimpelmees)
- Erithacus rubecula (European robin / roodborstje)
- Fringilla coelebs (common chaffinch / vink)
- Garrulus glandarius (Eurasian jay / gaai)
- Parus major (great tit / koolmees)
- Passer domesticus (house sparrow / huismus)
- Pica pica (common magpie / ekster)
- Sturnus vulgaris (common starling / spreeuw)
- Turdus merula (common blackbird / merel)
mammals / zoogdieren
- Felis silvestris catus (domesticated cat / huiskat)
- Homo sapiens sapiens (human / mens)
- Mus musculus (house mouse / huismuis)

Structures

House
Shed
Gate
Concrete tile seating area and path
Wooden fence
Concrete fence
Neighbors extension (stone, flat roof)
Neighbors extension (steel, pitched roof)
Compost bin
Wooden bench
Rain barrel
Mini containers for general waste and garden waste
Gardening pots and containers

Tools

Gardening tools
Gardening pots
Construction tools
Bicycles

Events

humans walk house → shed → gate and back
humans walk house → compost bin and back
humans sit in garden
humans walk, work, harvest in garden
humans walk by front garden with dogs
cats visit garden
4 seasons
792 mm rain / year